A retractor system

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to an abdominal retractor system using human body parts as support points by means of extension levers, and maintains approach to the surgical region by pressing abdominal wall downwards.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention is related to an abdominal retractor system which useshuman body parts as support by means of its extension levers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In existing retractor arrangements, it is not used to support anotherbody region, such as vagina or back of the patient, to open theoperating area in the abdomen or to push the abdominal wall edges towardthe surgical point and facilitate the operation. In the presentembodiments, a retractor draws a person from the surgical team or opensthe abdominal wall only on either side or receives support from theoperating table.

TECHNICAL PROBLEMS AIMED TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

It minimizes the abdominal wall factor which complicates the operation,and eliminates excessive tugging to open the surgical field. Tissuetrauma and postoperative pains are minimized. Therefore, the operationtime is shortened and a greater advantage is obtained with a smallincision. The patient is discharged earlier from the hospital. It ispushed to the operating area by pressing the side down. This reduces theneed for lateral opening. Therefore, the side of the operation can bekept smaller as the ailments and pains caused by the tension decrease.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The retractor system for achieving the object of the present inventionis illustrated in the attached figures. These illustrations areillustrative and do not limit the purpose.

-   -   1. The upper oblique view of the entire assembly.    -   2. Top and bottom oblique views of the main retractors, table        and the closing arm.    -   3. Vaginal arm and mechanism box-upper oblique view.    -   4. The upper oblique view of the extension retractors.    -   5. Oblique view of the front (bladder) retractor and movements.    -   6. The mode of movement of the main retractors and extension        retractors and the structure of the release arm.    -   7. Mechanism box interior details—springs and arms—oblique view.    -   8. The operating system of the pull-down lever—side view    -   9. The function of releasing the arm and retractors from each        other of the stop arm—side view.    -   10. It is the upper oblique view of the main retractor closing        lever operation and the relation of the main retractors.    -   11. When the system is applied to the patient, its relation with        the organ (cervix)—side view.    -   12. Upper oblique view of the urethral window supports silicone        soft cervical fixation bar and the lower oblique view of the        sensors.    -   13. Relation of the intestine retractor and stop        protrusions—side and oblique view.    -   14. The application of the arm to the patient for fat patient        and the appearance of a clamping system (ratchet bar clamp).    -   15. Side view of the approach with using ball nut and screw        instead of threaded arm and mechanism.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCES IN THE FIGURES

-   -   1. Main rectractors    -   2. Extension retractors    -   3. Front retractor    -   4. Main retractor block gear bar    -   5. Table    -   6. Pull-down mechanism    -   7. Vaginal arm with soft padded urethral window    -   8. Cavity for cervix uteri    -   9. Cervical spur/protrusion    -   10. Urethral opening in the vaginal arm    -   11. Soft pillows    -   12. Threaded Rod Hole    -   13. Threaded rod blades    -   14. Threaded rod channel    -   15. Main retractors contact gear    -   16. Gear locking mechanism to prevent closure of main retractors    -   17. Anti-lock mechanism lever    -   18. Pull-down lever    -   19. Stop handle    -   20. Stop handle pressure spring    -   21. Pull handle    -   22. Pull handle spring    -   23. Front retractor forward-backward position fixing screw    -   24. Front retractor end section position fixing screw    -   25. Bowel retractor    -   26. Stop channels    -   27. Stop overhangs    -   28. Main retractor down-press zone    -   29. Main retractor round tip    -   30. Extension retractor clamping screw    -   31. Pressure/strain sensors    -   32. Power generator tips    -   33. Ball nut    -   34. Screw

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In normal position; the main retractor (1), extension retractors (2),the front retractor (3), the threaded rod and the main retractor blockgear bar (4) (FIGS. 1,2, 6), which consists of a table (5) that holdsthem all together, and the pull-down mechanism (6), the pitted vaginalarm (7) (FIGS. 3, 7, 11, 12) is separated from one another. The vaginalarm (7) is inserted into the chamber and pushed forward. There's acervix here. The vaginal arm (7) slides underneath it into the cavity(8) at the end of the cervix (FIG. 11). The protrusion at the end (9)also forms an additional fixation by entering the cervical canal (FIG.11). There is an opening (10), such as an urethra opening, on thevaginal arm (7) to prevent the urine tube from being crushed (FIGS. 1,3, 7). On both sides of this opening there are soft pillows (11) so asnot to damage the container wall. Then, the gear bar (4) of the mainretractor block in the closed position is inserted into the hole in thepull-down mechanism (12) connected to the vaginal arm (FIG. 1). Thethreaded rod blades (13), entering here, enter the channel (14) (FIGS.7, 8, 9) through which they move up and down. It is pushed as far as itcan be pushed. Thus, the vaginal arm (7), which carries the mainretractor block and the mechanism, is pushed against one another and themain retractors are opened to one side in connection to the muscles onboth sides. The main retractors (1) are associated with each other bymeans of a gear (15) and are opened to the same degree (FIG. 6). Closingof the main retractors is prevented by a threaded locking mechanism (16)(FIG. 6). This mechanism has a lever (17). When this lever is pressed,the main retractors (1) can immediately be moved to their originalpositions (FIG. 10).

If the main movement of the main retractors towards the vaginal arm (7)is desired, the lever (18) of the pull-down mechanism is pressed down tothe end (FIG. 8). The stop handle (19) prevents from escaping upwardsagain. This arm (19) is always held in pressed form with a spring (20)in order to prevent back-flow. Each full downward movement of themechanism arm (18) pulls down a shaft-driven pull handle (21) in themechanism box. The shaft at the end of the traction arm is seated on athread on the threaded arm and is pressed against the threaded arm bymeans of a spring (22). The pull handle (21), seated on a thread, lowersmain retractors (1) and the extension retractors connected to thereof byone thread (FIG. 8). The retractors will be lowered as much as needed bymeans of required motion. In case of a need for removal of the retractorassembly from the vaginal arm, the stop lever (19) is pressed backwards(FIG. 9). A long screw mounted on the arm (7) can be adapted by means ofa ball nut mounted on the plate (5) instead of the mechanism (6) and thegear lever (4) for the main retractor block to approach the arm (7).

There is a front retractor (3), which can be adjusted to the pubic bone,namely the forward-backward position fixation screw (23), in the regionclose to the bladder and the angle of the tip to the screw (24) (FIG.5).

There are also extension retractors (2), which can be adjusted bothdownwards and sideways for wide abdominal operations extending upwards(FIGS. 1, 4, 6). To keep the bowels away from the surgical site, thereis a compatible bowel retractor (25) (FIGS. 1, 13). On the side of thisretractor facing the main retractor system, there are stop channels (26)on both sides. The stop overhangs (27) at the end of the retractorsenter those channels at the appropriate level. Since the channels aretransversely long towards sides, they adapt to lateral opening of theretractor and the bowel retractor (25) can maintain its position withoutsliding upwards (FIG. 13).

The body of the main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2) is wideand on the horizontal axis (28). Thus, it can easily lower the sideabdominal walls downwards (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6, 10) and open the woundedges sideways with a vertical extension (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 10, 11, 12,14). The opening ends (29) are round and smooth so as not to damage theorgans (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 11). After the extension retractors are attachedto the main retractor, the screw (30) is fixed by tightening (FIGS. 1,6, 12).

Outside the retractors (1, 2) namely, on the muscle contacting side ofthe vertical part which serves to open the wound to the sideways, thereare pressure sensors (31) (FIGS. 1, 11, 12). They give notice ofloosening of the tissue by giving warning of the tissue being squeezedand damaged thus, tissue is protected from being crushed. Furthermore,in the same sensor area, there are generators (32) that send specialelectric currents to loosen the abrupt muscle contractions that occurwhen the dose of the anesthetic drug decreases (FIGS. 1, 11, 12).

For fat patients, the support of the current mechanism (6) and the arm(7) from the vagina may not be sufficient. In this case, instead of themechanism (6), one of the commercially available clamping systems willbe adapted and the support will be taken from the patient's back region,covered with a soft layer but with a wider and longer arm (7) (FIG. 14).

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF HE INVENTION

The retractor system which serves to the above described purposes, canbe produced, and used in the corresponding branch of the industry, andhas a structure applicable to the medical sector.

1) A retractor system, comprising a main retractor block as well asvaginal arm with soft padded urethral window (7), including mechanisms(6) within a box. 2) A retractor system as per claim 1, wherein the mainretractor block includes main retractors (1), extension retractors (2),front retractor (3), main retractor block gear bar (4) and a table (5)for holding purposes. 3) A retractor system as per claim 1, wherein thecervical spur (9) at the end enters into the cervical canal to maintainan additional fixation enabling the vaginal arm (7) to slide and includethe cavity for cervix uteri (8). 4) A retractor system according toclaim 3, wherein the vaginal arm (7) has an urethral opening (10) foruncrushing of the bladder pipe. 5) A retractor system according to claim4, wherein soft pillows (11) are available at both sides of the cavity(10) for protecting the chamber wall. 6) A retractor system according toclaim 1, whereas the main retractor block provides a threaded rod canal(14) where the said block moves within the threaded rod hole (12)enabling pushing of the vaginal arm (7) bearing the main retractorblock, and the mechanism (6) to each other. 7) A retractor systemaccording to claim 6, wherein the main retractors (1) have a thread (15)for maintaining a similar degree of opening. 8) A retractor systemaccording to claim 7, wherein the main retractors (1) include a gearlocking mechanism (16) to prevent closure of the said retractors. 9) Aretractor system according to claim 8, wherein the gear lockingmechanism (16) has an anti-lock mechanism lever (17) for bringing themain retractors (1) back to 25 their original positions. 10) A retractorsystem according to claim 9, wherein the main retractors (1) include astop handle (19) separating the main retractor block from vaginal arm(7) when pressed backwards, if needed, and which is hold active withbeing pressed by a spring (20) and preventing upward escaping again withpull down lever (18) for movement against vaginal arm (7). 11) Aretractor system according to claim 10, wherein the pull down lever (18)includes a towing arm, which stands in the pressed form against femalelever via pull handle spring (22) transmitting this action to mainretractor block gear bar (4) by means of each full action downwards ofthe pull down lever (18). 12) A retractor system according to claim 11,wherein the main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2) thereofinclude a pull handle (21), which is fixed on one of the gears atthreaded bar (4), maintaining required reduction. 13) A retractor systemaccording to claim 2, wherein the said system provides a front retractor(3) at the region closer to the pubic bone, forward-backward position ofwhich is adjusted by a fixing screw (23) and end angle of which isadjustable with a screw (24). 14) A retractor system according to claim2, wherein the said system comprises extension retractors (2) and bowelretractor (25) required for wide abdominal operations. 15) A retractorsystem according to claim 14, wherein, on the main retractor blockfacing side the said system further comprises stopping canals (26)enabling protection of the bowel retractors' (25) position withoutsliding upwards and where stop overhangs (27) enters as well as whichcan adapt to sidewards opening of retractor at each and every degree atboth sides. 16) A retractor system according to claim 14, wherein thesaid system provides main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2)with vertical direction for opening injury edges sideways as well asmain retractor down-press zone (28) located at horizontal axis and whichhas a wide body with sufficient protrusion to outwards from end forpressing side abdominal wall downwards easily. 17) A retractor systemaccording to claim 16, wherein the said system includes a pressing screw(30) fixing extension retractors (2) installed to the main retractor.18) A retractor system according to claim 14, wherein the said systemcomprises pressure sensors (31) warning for release in case of excessivepressing and damaging the tissue, at the muscle side, namely externalside of the retractors (1, 2). 19) A retractor system according to claim18, wherein the said system further comprises generators (32) sendingspecial electrical currents at the muscle side namely, external side ofthe retractors (1, 2) for releasing abrupt muscle contractions due tothe dosage reduction of the anesthetical drugs. 20) A retractor systemaccording to claim 18, wherein the said system provides a long arm (7),maintaining support from back region of the patient instead of mechanism(6) in case of insufficient support of mechanism (6) and arm (7) fromvagina. 21) A retractor system according to claim 1, wherein the saidsystem includes a screw, installed onto the arm (7) and a nut, installedonto the table (5) instead of gear bar (4) and mechanism (6) in order tomaintain approach of main retractor back to the arm (7). 22) A methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the process comprises a step ofapproaching the abdominal wall to the surgical point by applyingpressure to be sideways of the surgical cuts at the abdominal region.23) A method according to claim 16, wherein the process comprises a stepof approaching the abdominal wall to the surgical point by applyingpressure to be sideways of the surgical cuts at the abdominal region.